Practical Applications of Simplex and Duplex Communication

In this article, we will cover different practical applications of simplex and duplex communication.

Simplex Communication means one-way communication.

Duplex communication means two-way communication.

Applications of Simplex Communication:

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1. AM and FM radio broadcasting.

Stations broadcast music, news, weather reports, and programs for entertainment and information. these all are the type of simplex communication because information travels in only in one direction.

2. Digital RADIO.

There is both satellite and terrestrial. Radio programming is transmitted in digital format.

3. TV broadcasting.

Stations broadcast entertainment, informational, and educational programs by radio. these all are also examples of one-way communication.

4. Digital television (DTV).

Radio transmission of television programming is performed by digital methods, both satellite and terrestrial, e.g., high definition television (HDTV) and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV).

5. Cable television.

Movies, sports events, and other programs are distributed to subscribers by fiber-optic and coaxial cable.

6. Fascimile.

The printed visual material is transmitted over telephone lines. A facsimile or fax machine scans a document and converts it to electronic signals that are sent over the telephone system for reproduction in printed form by another fax machine. Faxes can also be sent from a computer.

7. Wireless remote control.

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This category includes a device that controls any remote item by radio or infrared. Examples are missiles, satellites, robots, toys, and other vehicles or remote plants or stations. A remote keyless entry device, garage door opener, and the remote control on your TV set are other examples.

8. Internet of Things (IoT).

The monitoring or control of remote devices, appliances, and other items in a home, office or other facility is usually accomplished by a combination of wireless and Internet connectivity.

9. Navigation and direction-finding services.

Special stations transmit signals that can be picked up by receivers for the purpose of identifying the exact location (latitude and longitude) or determining the direction and/or distance from a station. Such systems employ both land-based and satellite stations.

The services are used primarily by boats and ships or airplanes, although systems for cars and trucks are being developed. The Global Positioning System (GPS) which uses 24 satellites is the most widely used.

10. Telemetry.

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Measurements are transmitted over a long distance. Telemetry systems use sensors to determine physical conditions (temperature, pressure, flow rate, voltages, frequency, etc.) at a remote location.

The sensors modulate a carrier signal that is sent by wire or radio to a remote receiver that stores and/or displays the data for analysis. Examples are satellites, rockets, pipelines, plants, and factories.

11. Radio astronomy.

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Radio signals, including infrared, are emitted by virtually all heavenly bodies such as stars and planets. With the use of large directional antennas and sensitive high-gain receivers, these signals may be picked up and used to plot star locations and study the universe.

Radio astronomy is an alternative and supplement to traditional optical astronomy.

12. Surveillance.

Surveillance means discreet monitoring or “spying.” Electronic techniques are widely used by police forces, governments, the military, business and industry, and others to gather information for the purpose of gaining some competitive advantage.

Techniques include phone taps, tiny wireless “bugs,” clandestine listening stations, and reconnaissance airplanes and satellites.

13. Music services.

Continuous background music is transmitted for doctors’ offices, stores, elevators, and so on by local FM radio stations on special high-frequency subcarriers that cannot be picked up by conventional FM receivers.

14. Internet radio and video.

Music and video are delivered on a computer via the Internet. a most common way of one-way communication.

Applications of Duplex Communication:

15. Telephones.

One-on-One verbal communication is transmitted over the vast worldwide telephone networks employing wire, fiber optics, radio, and satellites.

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1. Cordless telephones provide short-distance wireless communication for cord-free convenience.
2. Cell phones provide worldwide wireless communications via handsets and base stations and the wired telephone system. In addition to voice communications, cell phones facilitate e-mail, Internet access, instant message service, video, and games.
3. Internet telephones, known as voice over the Internet protocol (VoIP) phones, use high-speed broadband services (cable, DSL, wireless, fiber) over the Internet to provide digital voice communications.
4. Satellite phones use low-earth-orbit satellites to give worldwide voice service from any remote location on earth.

 

16. Two-way radio.

Commercial, industrial, and government communication are transmitted between vehicles, handheld units, and base stations.

Examples include police, fire, taxi, forestry service, trucking companies, aircraft, marine, military, and government.

17. Radar.

This special form of communication makes use of reflected microwave signals for the purpose of detecting ships, planes, and missiles and for determining their range, direction, and speed.

Most radar is used in military applications, but civilian aircraft and marine services also use it. Police use radar in speed detection and enforcement.

18. Sonar.

In underwater communication, audible baseband signals use water as the transmission medium. Submarines and ships use sonar to detect the presence of enemy submarines.

Passive sonar uses audio receivers to pick up water, propeller, and other noises.

Active sonar is like an underwater radar with which reflections from a transmitted ultrasonic pulse are used to determine the direction, range, and speed of an underwater target.

19. Amateur radio.

This is a hobby for individuals interested in radio communication. Individuals may become licensed “hams” to build and operate two-way radio equipment for personal communication with other hams.

20. Citizens radio.

Citizens band (CB) radio is a special service that any individual may use for personal communication with others. Most CB radios are used in trucks and cars for exchanging information about traffic conditions, speed traps, and emergencies.

21. Family Radio Service.

This is a two-way personal communication with handheld units over short distances (, 2 mi).

22. The Internet.

Worldwide interconnections via fiber optic networks, telecommunications companies, cable TV companies, Internet service providers, and others provide World Wide Web (WWW) access to millions of websites and pages and electronic mail (e-mail).

23. Wide-Area Networks (WANs).

Worldwide fiber-optic networks provide long-distance telephone and Internet services.

24. Metropolitan-area networks (MANs).

Networks of computers transmit over a specific geographic area such as a college campus, company facility, or city. Normally they are implemented with fiber-optic cable, but may also be coaxial cable or wireless.

25. Local-area networks (LANs).

Wired (or wireless) interconnections of personal computers (PCs), laptops, servers, or mainframe computers within an office or building for the purpose of e-mail, Internet access, or the sharing of mass storage, peripherals, data, and software.

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Source of information: Communication Electronics (Principal and Applications) by… Louis Frenzel

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6. Difference Between TDM and FDM
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